The British decided in 1946 that they would now make India independent. Then gradually the process of giving control of India to the leaders and officials of the country began. In this case, for the first time before independence, an interim government was formed on 02 September 1946. Its head was Jawaharlal Nehru. This government was formed through the newly elected Constituent Assembly. This government continued to function till August 15, 1947.
The country was not divided until Nehru formed the interim government. Therefore, many Muslim League leaders were also involved in this government. However, at the time this interim government was being formed, communal riots broke out in many parts of the country. However, by this time it was almost certain that the British would leave the country, but only after India was divided. Jinnah’s eyes were on Pakistan.
Nehru rejected the League’s offer
When the interim government was being formed, Jinnah immediately rejected Nehru’s offer that the League would get five seats in its 14-member cabinet. After all, negotiations with Jinnah were not successful. The country also suffered as a result in the form of Direct Action Day.
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Later the Muslim League took a turn
The interim governments that were formed included Nehru, Patel, Rajendra Prasad, Rajagopalachari, Asaf Ali, Sarat Chandra Bose, John Mathai, Baldev Singh, Shafiat Ahmed Khan, Jagjivan Ram, Ali Zaheer and CH Bhaba. Initially, Jinnah was adamant that he would not allow the Muslim League to join the interim government, and later, along with Viceroy Wavell, sought to place members of the league in key positions in the interim government.
Consequences of a deadly clash with the league
However, even after this, there was an extraordinary conflict between the League and the Congress. This made it so difficult to run the interim government that Nehru ran out of patience in mid-February 1947. He demanded that the ministers of the league should resign. Soon after, Sardar Patel threatened that if the members of the League did not leave the cabinet immediately, the members of the Congress would resign.
Nehru with members of his interim government. On the left is Sarat Bose, who was the elder brother of Subhash Chandra Bose. But a month later, when the government changed, he was not in government.
The interim government would have been abolished by default if it had not been an important event at the same time. On 20 February, Attlee announced in London that Britain had made a definite decision to leave India by June 1948. It was also announced that Wavell had now been replaced by Lord Mountbatten as Viceroy.
How was the Constituent Assembly formed?
However, it needs to be mentioned here that the election for the Constituent Assembly was not direct, but they were elected by the Constituent Assembly of each province. The Congress has won a majority in this election. It got a total of 69 seats from the Hindu-majority constituency. In 11 provinces, 08 provinces, the Congress had a clear majority. The Muslim League won the seat reserved for Muslim voters. T
Despite the formation of the interim government, the viceroy was actually the head of government. The executive council of the viceroy became the executive council of the interim government.
Patel was another strong man
In the interim government, Vallabhbhai Patel had the Home Department and he was in another powerful position. Sikh leader Baldev Singh got the defense and Rajagopalchari the education department. Asaf Ali, a Muslim leader of the Congress, became the Minister of Railways and Transport. When Scheduled Caste leader Jagjivan Ram was made Labor Minister, Rajendra Prasad had the Ministry of Food and Agriculture. John Mathai was given the ministry of industry and supplies.
Its members are involved in the meeting of the interim government.
Liaquat Ali of the Muslim League became the Finance Minister. Abdur Rab Nishtar was made Minister of Posts and Aviation and Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar Minister of Commerce. Yogendra Nath Mandal, a Scheduled Caste Hindu leader nominated by the Muslim League, has been given the ministry of law.
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The first interim government
This was the first interim government
Viscount Wavell – Viceroy and Governor General of India
Sir Claude Ochinlake – Commander-in-Chief
Jawaharlal Nehru – Prime Minister and Vice President of the Executive Council, Foreign Affairs and Commonwealth Relations
Vallabhbhai Patel – Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
Rajendra Prasad – Food and Agriculture
Shafat Ahmed Khan – Arts, Education and Health
CH Think – Trade
Baldev Singh – Defense
Meaning – John Mathai
C. Rajagopalachari – Minister of Industries and Supplies
Jagjivan Ram – Labor
Law – Sayer Ali Zahir
Asaf Ali – Railways and Transport, Post and Air R.
Autumn Bose – Mine and Energy
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Then the government changed
After the Muslim League joined the government, an interim government was formed on 15 October 15.
The new interim government after the change
Viscount Wavell – Viceroy and Governor General of India
Sir Claude Ochinlake – Commander-in-Chief
Jawaharlal Nehru – Prime Minister and Vice President of the Executive Council, Foreign Affairs and Commonwealth Relations
Vallabhbhai Patel – Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
Rajendra Prasad – Food and Agriculture
Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar (Muslim League) – Trade
Baldev Singh – Defense
Liaquat Ali Khan (Muslim League) – Money
John Mathai – Industry and Supplies
C. Rajagopalachari – Education
Gajanfar Ali Khan (Muslim League) – Health
Jagjivan Ram – Labor
Jogendra Nath Mandal (Muslim League) – Law
Abdul Rab Nishtar (Muslim League) – Rail and Communications, Post and Air
Minerals and energy – think of CH
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